Radiator



Patented Oct. 14, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOI-IN M. FEDDERS, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO FEDDERS MANUFACTUR-ING COMPANY, INC., 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

RADIATOR.

Application led May 1, 1922.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. FEDDERs, a citizen of theJ United States,residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Radiators, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a radiator which is more particularly designedfor cooling the water of gas 'engines which are used for propelling'automobiles and the like and has for its object the production of aradiator of this character which has a greater cooling efliciency, whichis stronger and more durable and in which the metal is not stretched toan extent which would be liable to cause leakage.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a fragmentary front elevationof a radiator embodying my invention. FiguresQand 3 are fragmentaryvertical sections of the same taken on the correspondingly numberedlines in F ig. 1. Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken on line 4 4,Fig. 1. Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the tubes shown inFigs. 1-4.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughoutthe several views.

In its general organization, this radiator comprises a plurality ofupright water pas sages or channels 10, a plurality of horizontal airpassages 11 arranged between the water passages, an upper header 12conimunicating with the upper ends of the water channels, and a lowerheader 13 communieating with the lower ends of the water passages.

In practice, the water which circulates around the gas engine forcooling the same is conducted to the upper water box, thence passesdownwardly through the water passages 10 whereby the same is cooled bythe air passing through the air passages 11, thence into the lowerheader and thence back again to the engine to be used over again 'in thewell known manner of circulating water for this purpose.

The core of this radiator which contains the plurality of water and airpassages is Serial No. 557,619.

made up of a plurality of tubes which are arranged horizontally side byside, so that together they form a cellular structure. In theconstruction shown in Figs. 1-5, each of these tubes is made of thinsheet metal such as copper, brass or other suitable alloy, which tubehas acentral body 14 and two collars 15, 15, at opposite ends of thesame, said body and collars being made of a single sheet of metal.

In the preferred construction, the body of the tube is oblong in crosssection with the major axis vertical and the minor axis horizontal. Theupper and lower walls 16, 17 of the'body are narrow, horizontal and iiatthroughout their length while the upright side walls 18, 19 of the sameare wider than the upper and lower walls. Each of the colla-rs of thistube in this instance is of hexagonal form circumferentially andprovided with upper and lower horizontal yfacets 20, 20, each of whichis flush with the adjacent horizontal wall of the body and is of thesame width so as to vform practically an outward extension of the same,as clearly-shown in'Fig. 5. Between the upper and lower facets of eachcollar are two pairs of inclined facets 21, 21, each of which is equalin width circumferentially to one of the horizontal facets, and themembers of leach pair of inclined facets connect ing the corresponding'ends of the adjacent upper and lower facets and converging toward eachother and projecting laterally outward therefrom so as to form an oifseton the respective end ofthe adjacent upright wall of the` body of thetube.

A plurality of such tubes are assembled so that the horizontal walls andfacets of each tube engage with the corresponding walls and facets ofadjacent tubes and the linclined facets of each tube engage with the ingeach other. Owing to the contact between the horizontal walls of theseveral tubes, there is no cross or horizontal circulation between theone vertical waterpassage and another, unless a tube should be imperfectin whi'h event no objectionable results will follow. After the tubeshave been thus assembled, the opposite ends of the same are connectedwith each other by dipping them in solder or otherwise, thereby sealingthe same and preventing leakage of water from the water passages.

For the purpose of slightly retarding the flow of water through thewater passages and increasing the transmission of heat from the same tothe air in the tubes, each of the latter is'pro'vided on the outer sidesof its upright walls with laterally projecting embossments 22, theembossments in one wall of one tube being opposite the spaces betweenthe embossments of an adjacent tube, whereby these embo'ssments arestaggered relative to each other, as shown in Fig. Ll, and thereby formbaffles which moderately obstruct the free flow of the water and ensurethe maximum abstraction of the heat therefrom. c

In a radiator thus constructed, a direct radiation of heat from thewater to the air in the tube is effected by the vertical or uprightwalls of the tubes and an indirect radiation of heat from the water tothe air takes place through the medium of the upper and lower horizontalwalls of the tubes which engage each other but do not come in directcontact lwith the water. By thus carrying the heat of the water to theair partly by a direct course and partly by an indirect course, it hasbeen found that a much greater cooling efficiency upon the water isobtained than when the water is cooled wholly by direct means or whollybyk indirect means. j v

By contacting the tubes with each other throughout their length, a muchstronger structure isproduced which is not liable to give way under theseverest strains while in use. Furthermore, Va much more rapidcirculation of water through the core of the radiator is possible owingto the water passages extending in straight lines from the upper to thelower headers, j

@wing to the absence of a horizontal passage between adjacent tubes,cross circulation of water in the core is avoided which prevents freeflow ofthe water through the vertical passage and also eliminates thepossibility of dirt lodging between the tubes and reducing theefficiency of the radiator.

By contracting the tubes only on two sides and leaving the other twosides full width, more air is permitted to pass through the tube vandthus secure greater `cooling capacity.

Moreover, by constructing tubes in this manner, practically nostretching or cracking of the metal occurs inasmuch as the upright wallsof the tube are formed by bending inwardly the respective parts of thetubular blank slightly and bending outwardly those parts of the sameVwhich form the offsets to such an extent only as amounts to merelydisplacing or yshifting the metal without any appreciable stretching ofthe same, thereby permitting of using a much lighter gage of metal whichnot only reduces the cost of making the radiator but also increases theeiiiciency of the same owing to the more rapid transmission of heatthrough the metal as the thickness o-f the same is reduced.

The tubes may sheet metal or of sheet metal with a lock seam in anyapproved manner. When assembled, the tubes may be wholly submerged insolder or only dipped at the ends of the same for uniting them.

I claim as my invention:

1. A tube for radiators having a body provided with upper and lowerhorizontal walls and upright walls connecting the horizontal walls,ranged at opposite ends of the body and each havingupper and lowerhorizontal facets which are in line with the upperv and lower walls ofthe body and pairsy ofinclined lateral facets forming a V which connectsthe horizontal facets and projecting laterally beyond the upright wallsof the body.

2. A tube for radiators having a vbody which is oblong in cross section,the major axis being vertical and the minor axis horizontal andwhich hasupper and lower horizontal walls and upright walls connectii'ig theupper and lower walls, and'collars arranged at opposite ends of-the bodyand each having upper and lower horizontal facets which are flush withthe upper and lower walls of the body, and upright facets which connectthe upper and lower horizontal facets and project laterally beyond theouter sides of the upright walls of the body.

3. A radiator core consisting of aplurality of tubes each of which hasabody provided with upper and lower. horizontal walls and upright wallsconnecting the horizontal walls, and hexagonal collars arranged atopposite ends` of the body and having upper and lower horizontal facetswhich are flush with the upper and lower walls of the body and pairs ofinclined lateral facets which project laterally beyond the upright wallsof the body in the form of a V, the horizontal walls and facets of eachtube engaging with the corresponding walls and facets of adjacent tubesand the laterally projecting pairs of inclined facets engaging with thecorresponding facets of adjacent tubes. j

and hexagon collars arbe made either seamless of 4. A tube for radiatorshaving a body body and lateral facets which project latprovided withupper and lower horizontal erally beyond the upright walls of said wallsand upright walls connecting the horibody, the upper and lower facets ofthe col- 10 Zontal walls, and collars arranged at oplars being equal inwidth to the upper and 5 posite ends of said body and each having lowerhorizontal Walls of the body.

upper and lower horizontal facets which are flush with the upper andlower walls of said JOHN M. FEDDERS.

